Hi,
I've owned a 12 ftlb .22 superten carbine for about 2 1/2 years, and I sympathise with your confusion, My trigger started to creep outrageously after about a year (3 stages!?) so I took it to BSA who replaced the whole trigger unit. From what I've experienced if the trigger breaks cleanly, you're doing well, and the length of the first stage is an unfortunate byproduct. The stage adjustments on the superten trigger are pretty much useless, but the fantastic range of adjustments to make it 'fit' your hand really make up for it.
As for the bolt, it's a temperamental bugger, but if you make decisive firm movements when you use it it should work fine, I used to have the same problem where it sometimes wouldn't engage the trigger, but after getting used to it I can make it work every time, it's just a case of all the way up, all the way back, all the way down.
I've heard about the problems with the .177 magazines, but as I have a .22 I haven't seen them first hand. I've had a little trouble with my magazines in terms of the bolt staying back occasionally, but I solve this by making sure I place the magazine firmly and it works most of the time. The bolt has to be all the way back and down if you want to get the magazine in or out.
Basically you've got to be gentle but firm when you handle this rifle, it takes a bit of getting used to, but it does the job very nicely once you get the hang of it.
Hope that helps.