"The Goodenow produced Plainsmans appear to be superior in construction and have better stocks..."

Goodenow moved production from California to Pennsylvania. The "better stocks" are distinctive since they were made of walnut.

Schimel, another California company, should be included as an innovative producer.

The Rochester/Kessler design was innovative in that it used a ball bearing as a valve (same with Sheridan A/B.) The change from the Rochester to the Kessler design changeover was distinctive in that the Kessler was a full stocked design instead of the Rochester which mimicked the old Crosman model 101 design. Other than that, Kessler used the exact same internal design.

In the years 1923-1925, Crosman was highly innovative with new designs which, by 1925, established the classic American multi pump pneumatic design still seen today.