Thank you for this helpful response and your input.
There is only one single angled grub screw holding the barrel into the action. One bolt holds the stock against the action and the bolt through the barrel band holds the fore-stock against the cylinder. I can see that the testing of the barrel without the band holds little risk and it would be worth testing the issue while the gun is shooting like a shotgun.
If my gun were to come back from the gunsmith and fund to be shooting absolutely accurately, then there would be (to my mind) less value in testing the gun in this way. I am working on the assumption that all parts of any design have a specific purpose and removing any of them can presage and unwanted effect. I did check for the integrity and tightness of the bolts holding the two parts of the action together and they seemed to be as tight as required.
Whatever may lie behind the gun failing to produce the accuracy to which I am used to seeing; I am inclined to agree with you that the issue lies within the barrel in some manner. I am prepared for the costs involved and I will try to look after my gun differently if it can prevent the same thing. For now, I have to wait and see what the gunsmith can achieve.