I'd love to tell you that a pellet sizer is a mechanical device that turns .22 pellets into long .177 pellets but I just might be telling porkies, so, in my limited knowledge it's a device to produce pellets of, in theory, the same diameter. In most tins of pellets, let's say 4.51 stated diameter, there will be some 4.50 and some 4.52. So if you want consistent. 4.51s, using a 4.51 pellet sizer will size those that are slightly bigger to 4.51. I guess 4.50 would just drop through(?) Of course, someone more knowledgeable will come along and explain the operation far better than I can, but I hope this helps somewhat..